MySQL Reference Manual for version 3.23.10-alpha.

1 General Information about MySQL
- 1.1 What is MySQL?
- 1.2 About this manual
  - 1.2.1 Conventions used in this manual
- 1.3 History of MySQL
- 1.4 Books about MySQL
- 1.5 The main features of MySQL
- 1.6 How stable is MySQL?
- 1.7 Year 2000 compliance
- 1.8 General SQL information and tutorials
- 1.9 Useful MySQL-related links
2 MySQL mailing lists and how to ask questions or report errors (bugs)
- 2.1 The MySQL mailing lists
- 2.2 Asking questions or reporting bugs
- 2.3 How to report bugs or problems
- 2.4 Guidelines for answering questions on the mailing list
3 MySQL licensing and support
- 3.1 MySQL licensing policy
- 3.2 Copyrights used by MySQL
  - 3.2.1 Possible future copyright changes
- 3.3 Distributing MySQL commercially
- 3.4 Example licensing situations
- 3.5 MySQL licensing and support costs
  - 3.5.1 Payment information
  - 3.5.2 Contact information
- 3.6 Types of commercial support
4 Installing MySQL
- 4.1 How to get MySQL
- 4.2 Operating systems supported by MySQL
- 4.3 Which MySQL version to use
- 4.4 How and when updates are released
- 4.5 Installation layouts
- 4.6 Installing a MySQL binary distribution
- 4.7 Installing a MySQL source distribution
- 4.8 Problems compiling?
- 4.9 MIT-pthreads notes
- 4.10 Perl installation comments
- 4.11 System-specific issues
- 4.12 Win32 notes
- 4.13 OS/2 notes
- 4.14 TcX binaries
- 4.15 Post-installation setup and testing
- 4.16 Is there anything special to do when upgrading/downgrading MySQL?
5 How standards-compatible is MySQL?
- 5.1 MySQL extensions to ANSI SQL92
- 5.2 Runnning MySQL in ANSI mode
- 5.3 MySQL differences compared to ANSI SQL92
- 5.4 Functionality missing from MySQL
- 5.5 What standards does MySQL follow?
- 5.6 How to cope without COMMIT/ROLLBACK
6 The MySQL access privilege system
- 6.1 General security
- 6.2 How to make MySQL secure against crackers
- 6.3 What the privilege system does
- 6.4 MySQL user names and passwords
- 6.5 Connecting to the MySQL server
- 6.6 Keeping your password secure
- 6.7 Privileges provided by MySQL
- 6.8 How the privilege system works
- 6.9 Access control, stage 1: Connection verification
- 6.10 Access control, stage 2: Request verification
- 6.11 When privilege changes take effect
- 6.12 Setting up the initial MySQL privileges
- 6.13 Adding new user privileges to MySQL
- 6.14 How to set up passwords
- 6.15 Causes of Access denied errors
7 MySQL language reference
- 7.1 Literals: how to write strings and numbers
  - 7.1.1 Strings
  - 7.1.2 Numbers
  - 7.1.3 Hexadecimal values
  - 7.1.4 NULL values
  - 7.1.5 Database, table, index, column and alias names
    - 7.1.5.1 Case sensitivity in names
- 7.2 User variables
- 7.3 Column types
  - 7.3.1 Column type storage requirements
  - 7.3.5 Numeric types
  - 7.3.6 Date and time types
  - 7.3.7 String types
  - 7.3.8 Choosing the right type for a column
  - 7.3.9 Column indexes
  - 7.3.10 Multiple-column indexes
  - 7.3.11 Using column types from other database engines
- 7.4 Functions for use in SELECT and WHERE clauses
  - 7.4.1 Grouping functions
  - 7.4.2 Normal arithmetic operations
  - 7.4.3 Bit functions
  - 7.4.4 Logical operations
  - 7.4.5 Comparison operators
  - 7.4.6 String comparison functions
  - 7.4.7 Cast operators
  - 7.4.8 Control flow functions
  - 7.4.9 Mathematical functions
  - 7.4.10 String functions
  - 7.4.11 Date and time functions
  - 7.4.12 Miscellaneous functions
  - 7.4.13 Functions for use with GROUP BY clauses
- 7.5 CREATE DATABASE syntax
- 7.6 DROP DATABASE syntax
- 7.7 CREATE TABLE syntax
  - 7.7.1 Silent column specification changes
- 7.8 ALTER TABLE syntax
- 7.9 OPTIMIZE TABLE syntax
- 7.10 DROP TABLE syntax
- 7.11 DELETE syntax
- 7.12 SELECT syntax
- 7.13 JOIN syntax
- 7.14 INSERT syntax
- 7.15 REPLACE syntax
- 7.16 LOAD DATA INFILE syntax
- 7.17 UPDATE syntax
- 7.18 USE syntax
- 7.19 FLUSH syntax (clearing caches)
- 7.20 KILL syntax
- 7.21 SHOW syntax (Get information about tables, columns,...)
- 7.22 EXPLAIN syntax (Get information about a SELECT)
- 7.23 DESCRIBE syntax (Get information about columns)
- 7.24 LOCK TABLES/UNLOCK TABLES syntax
- 7.25 SET syntax
- 7.26 GRANT and REVOKE syntax
- 7.27 CREATE INDEX syntax
- 7.28 DROP INDEX syntax
- 7.29 Comment syntax
- 7.30 CREATE FUNCTION/DROP FUNCTION syntax
- 7.31 Is MySQL picky about reserved words?
8 MySQL Tutorial
- 8.1 Connecting to and disconnecting from the server
- 8.2 Entering queries
- 8.3 Examples of common queries
- 8.4 Creating and using a database
- 8.5 Getting information about databases and tables
- 8.6 Using mysql in batch mode
- 8.7 Queries from twin project
  - 8.7.1 Find all non-distributed twins
  - 8.7.2 Show a table on twin pair status
9 MySQL server functions
- 9.1 What languages are supported by MySQL?
- 9.2 The update log
- 9.3 How big MySQL tables can be
- 9.4 MySQL table types
10 Getting maximum performance from MySQL
- 10.1 Optimization overview
- 10.2 System/Compile time and startup parameter tuning
- 10.3 Get your data as small as possible
- 10.4 MySQL index use
- 10.5 Speed of queries that access or update data
- 10.6 Choosing a table type
- 10.7 Other optimization tips
- 10.8 Using your own benchmarks
- 10.9 Design choices
- 10.10 MySQL design limitations/tradeoffs
- 10.11 Portability
- 10.12 What have we used MySQL for?
11 The MySQL benchmark suite
12 MySQL Utilites
- 12.1 Overview of the different MySQL programs
- 12.2 The command line tool
- 12.3 Administering a MySQL server
- 12.4 Dumping the structure and data from MySQL databases and tables
- 12.5 Importing data from text files
- 12.6 Showing databases, tables and columns
- 12.7 The MySQL compressed read-only table generator
13 Maintaining a MySQL installation
- 13.1 Using myisamchk for table maintenance and crash recovery
  - 13.1.1 myisamchk invocation syntax
  - 13.1.2 myisamchk memory usage
- 13.2 Setting up a table maintenance regimen
- 13.3 Getting information about a table
- 13.4 Using myisamchk for crash recovery
- 13.5 Log file maintenance
14 Adding new functions to MySQL
- 14.1 Adding a new user-definable function
- 14.2 Adding a new native function
15 Adding new procedures to MySQL
- 15.1 Procedure analyse
- 15.2 Writing a procedure.
16 MySQL ODBC Support
- 16.1 Operating systems supported by MyODBC
- 16.2 How to fill in the various fields in the ODBC administrator program
- 16.3 How to report problems with MyODBC
- 16.4 Programs known to work with MyODBC
- 16.5 How to get the value of an AUTO_INCREMENT column in ODBC
- 16.6 Reporting problems with MyODBC
17 Using MySQL with some common programs
- 17.1 Using MySQL with Apache
18 Problems and common errors
- 18.1 What to do if MySQL keeps crashing
- 18.2 Some common errors when using MySQL
  - 18.2.1 MySQL server has gone away error
  - 18.2.2 Can't connect to [local] MySQL server error
  - 18.2.3 Host '...' is blocked error
  - 18.2.4 Too many connections error
  - 18.2.5 Out of memory error
  - 18.2.6 Packet too large error
  - 18.2.7 The table is full error
  - 18.2.8 Commands out of sync error in client
  - 18.2.9 Ignoring user error
  - 18.2.10 Table 'xxx' doesn't exist error
- 18.3 How MySQL handles a full disk
- 18.4 How to run SQL commands from a text file
- 18.5 Where MySQL stores temporary files
- 18.6 How to protect `/tmp/mysql.sock' from being deleted
- 18.7 Access denied error
- 18.8 How to run MySQL as a normal user
- 18.9 How to reset a forgotten password.
- 18.10 Problems with file permissions
- 18.11 File not found
- 18.12 Problems using DATE columns
- 18.13 Timezone problems
- 18.14 Case sensitivity in searches
- 18.15 Problems with NULL values
- 18.16 Problems with alias
- 18.17 Deleting rows from related tables
- 18.18 Solving problems with no matching rows
- 18.19 Problems with ALTER TABLE.
- 18.20 How to change the order of columns in a table
19 Solving some common problems with MySQL
- 19.1 Database replication
- 19.2 Database backups
- 19.3 Running multiple MySQL servers on the same machine
20 MySQL client tools and APIs
- 20.1 MySQL C API
- 20.2 C API datatypes
- 20.3 C API function overview
- 20.4 C API function descriptions
- 20.5 MySQL Perl API
- 20.6 MySQL Eiffel wrapper
- 20.7 MySQL Java connectivity (JDBC)
- 20.8 MySQL PHP API
  - 20.8.1 Common problems with MySQL and PHP
- 20.9 MySQL C++ APIs
- 20.10 MySQL Python APIs
- 20.11 MySQL TCL APIs
21 How MySQL compares to other databases
- 21.1 How MySQL compares to mSQL
- 21.2 How MySQL compares to PostgreSQL
22 MySQL internals
- 22.1 MySQL threads
A Some MySQL users
- A.1 General news sites
- A.2 Some Web search engines
- A.3 Some Information search engines concentrated on some area
- A.4 Online magazines
- A.5 Web sites the use MySQL as a backed
- A.6 Some Domain/Internet/Web and related services
- A.7 Web sites that use PHP and MySQL
- A.8 Some MySQL consultants
- A.9 Programming
- A.10 Uncategorized pages
B Contributed programs
- B.1 API's
- B.2 Clients
- B.3 Web tools
- B.4 Authentication tools
- B.5 Converters
- B.6 Using MySQL with other products
- B.7 Useful tools
- B.8 RPMs for common tools (Most are for RedHat 6.1)
- B.9 Useful functions
- B.10 Uncategorized
C Contributors to MySQL
D MySQL change history
- D.1 Changes in release 3.23.x (Released as alpha)
- D.2 Changes in release 3.22.x
- D.3 Changes in release 3.21.x
- D.4 Changes in release 3.20.x
- D.5 Changes in release 3.19.x
E Known errors and design deficiencies in MySQL
F List of things we want to add to MySQL in the future (The TODO)
- F.1 Things that must done in the real near future
- F.2 Things that have to be done sometime
- F.3 Some things we don't have any plans to do
G Comments on porting to other systems
- G.1 Debugging a MySQL server
- G.2 Debugging a MySQL client
- G.3 Comments about RTS threads
- G.4 Differences between different thread packages
H Description of MySQL regular expression syntax
I What is Unireg?
J The MySQL server license for non Microsoft operating systems
K The MySQL license for Microsoft operating systems
SQL command, type and function index
Concept Index

This document was generated on 15 Febuary 2000 using the texi2html translator version 1.52 (extended by davida@detron.se).